In Italy there are thousands of cases of hidden celiacs, which is why tests and diagnoses in celiac disease are fundamental.
“Celiac disease concerns the 1 % of the Italian and world population. In Italy we are therefore talking about 600 thousand people of which only a third have received a diagnosis.
About 400 thousand patients represent the hidden portion of the "celiac disease iceberg", a metaphor through which the phenomenon of hidden diagnoses is represented. On average, it still takes 6 years to reach a diagnosis from the onset of symptoms."
For this reasonAic, the Italian Celiac Association, is constantly committed to helping reduce the diagnosis time and the number of celiacs undiagnosed: patients and doctors have a fundamental role in recognizing celiac disease in its most varied forms. How is the diagnosis made? “Celiac disease can be identified with absolute certainty through serological research and biopsy of the duodenal mucosa during duodenoscopy. Diagnostic tests for celiac disease must necessarily be carried out on a free diet (diet that includes gluten). : “More specifically, the diagnosis of celiac disease is carried out by serological measurement of class anti-transglutaminase (anti-tTG) and anti-edomisium (EMA) antibodies. IgA, beyond the total IgA measurement. For the definitive diagnosis of celiac disease, a biopsy of the small intestine is necessary with the removal of a fragment of tissue, to determine the atrophy of the intestinal villi through histological examination.
ESAMI e DIAGNOSI NELLA CELIACHIA
Sul sito dell’Aic, si puntualizza ancora: “Più nello specifico la diagnosi di celiachia si effettua mediante dosaggio sierologico degli anticorpi anti-transglutaminasi (anti-tTG) ed anti-edomisio (EMA) di classe IgA, oltre il dosaggio delle IgA totali. Per la diagnosi definitiva di celiachia è necessaria la biopsia dell’intestino tenue con il prelievo di un frammento di tessuto, per determinare l’atrofia dei villi intestinali attraverso l’esame istologico.
Since the beginning of 2012 the new recommendations of the ESPGHAN (European Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pediatric Nutrition) allow diagnosis to be made without the need to perform intestinal biopsy in selected pediatric cases in which they are present at the same time all of the following conditions: symptoms suggestive of celiac disease, positivity for high titre IgA class antitransglutaminase antibodies (> 10 times the normal test value), positivity for IgA class antiendomysial antibodies and presence of HLA –DQ2 and/or –DQ8”.
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